Types of Spinal Tumors : Spinal Tumor Removal Surgery in India

It's not clear why most spinal tumors develop. Experts suspect that defective genes play a role, although it's usually not known whether such genetic defects are inherited, occur spontaneously or are caused by something in the environment, such as exposure to certain chemicals. In some cases, however, spinal tumors are linked to known inherited syndromes, such as neurofibromatosis 2 and von Hippel-Lindau disease.

The parts of your spine that are likely to be affected by a spinal tumor include the:

• Vertebrae. Your spine is made up of small bones (vertebrae) stacked on top of one another that enclose and protect the spinal cord and its nerve roots.
• Spinal cord. Your spinal cord is a double-layered, long column of nerve fibers that carries messages to and from your brain. Wrapped around the entire spinal cord are three protective membranes (meninges).

Types of spinal tumors

Spinal tumors are classified according to their location in the spine.

• Extradural (vertebral) tumors. Most tumors that affect the vertebrae have spread (metastasized) to the spine from another site in the body — often the prostate, breast, lung or kidney. Although the original (primary) cancer is usually diagnosed before back problems develop, back pain may be the first symptom of disease in people with metastatic spinal tumors.
  Cancerous tumors that begin in the bones of the spine are far less common. Among these are osteosarcomas (osteogenic sarcomas) and Ewing's sarcoma, a particularly aggressive tumor that affects young adults. Multiple myeloma is a cancerous disease of the bone marrow — the spongy inner part of the bone that makes blood cells. Noncancerous tumors, such as osteoid osteomas, osteoblastomas and hemangiomas, also can develop in the bones of the spine.
• Intradural-extramedullary tumors. These tumors develop in the spinal cord's arachnoid membrane (meningiomas) and in the nerve roots that extend out from the spinal cord (schwannomas and neurofibromas). These tumors may be cancerous or noncancerous.
• Intramedullary tumors. These tumors begin in the supporting cells within the spinal cord. Most are either astrocytomas or ependymomas. Intramedullary tumors can be either noncancerous or cancerous. In rare cases, tumors from other parts of the body can metastasize to the spinal cord itself.
  
  Minimally Invasive Spinal Tumor Removal Surgery
  
  in India
  Some Spinal Tumors, benign or malignant, require surgical intervention before or after non-operative treatments. When pain is unresponsive to non-operative treatment, neurologic deficit progresses, a specimen is needed, neural elements (e.g. nerves) are compressed, vertebral destruction exists, or when spinal stabilization is necessary - surgery is considered. The primary goals in surgery are to reduce pain caused by the spinal tumor, restore or preserve neurologic function, and provide spinal stability. The spinal tumor may be approached surgically from the front (anterior) or back (posterior) of the body.
  Surgery may include tumor resection (partial removal) or excision (complete removal). When the tumor is removed (partially or completed) pain and neurologic problems may clear up. Spinal instrumentation and Fusion are procedures used to reconstruct and stabilize the spine. These procedures join and solidify the level (or levels) where a spinal element (e.g. vertebral body) has been damaged or removed.
  Why surgery for Spine Tumor Removal?
• 
  

  o    When the tumor is removed (partially or completely) pain and neurologic problems may clear up.

  o    To restore and preserve neurological function and provide spinal stability.

  o    Spinal Tumor surgery is generally indicated in case there is a localized tumor which can be removed with minimum damage to nerve and spinal cord,

  o    There is persistent neurological deficit and pain which is unresponsive to non operative treatment

  o    Surgery may include resection (partial removal) or excision (complete removal) of tumor.
  
  

  For more information visit:          http://www.medworldindia.com        
                      https://www.facebook.com/medworld.india

  
  

  Please scan and email your medical reports  to us at care@medworldindia.com and we shall get you a Free Medical Opinion from India’s Best Doctors.

  
  

  Call Us : +91-9811058159

  Mail Us : care@medworldindia.com

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

Treatment and Surgery options for Spinal Cord Injury : Best Spine Hospitals in India

There are a variety of treatment and surgery options for Spinal Cord Injury depending on the affected area of the spine.

Spinal cord injury

Is the result of a traumatic injury such as a bruise or contusion, a partial tear or a complete tear in the spinal cord. It can also result indirectly from damage to surrounding bones, tissues or blood vessels. 

Spinal Cord Injury Diagnosis

Spinal cord injuries are very serious. If you are suffering from any symptoms of spinal cord injury, it is very important to seek immediate medical attention. In order to diagnose your condition, your doctor will perform both a physical and neurological exam. If the location of the injury is not known, one of more of these tests will help locate the exact point of injury:

·         CT scan or MRI – shows the location and extent of the damage. These scans can also reveal internal problems such as hematomas or blood clots.

·         Spine X-rays – show damage or fractures to the bones in the spine

·         Myelogram – Dye is injected into the fluid-filled space between the bones in your spine. The dye is able to move through the space in order to allow the spinal cord and nerve roots to be seen more clearly. This is used in rare cases to find the source of a problem that was not detected by other tests.

·         Somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) – Test which evokes response from the nervous system through magnetic stimulation. It can show if nerve signals are able to pass through the spinal cord, or if an injury is blocking the transmission.

Nonsurgical Treatment for Spinal Cord Injury
Since spinal cord injury is such a serious and time-sensitive condition, it is critical to seek treatment as soon as possible. Time between injury and treatment will have a huge impact on the outcome. Some nonsurgical treatment options for spinal cord injury include:

·         Methylprednisolone – Steroid medication used to decrease inflammation at the site of the injury as well as reduce damage to nerve cells. If given within eight hours of injury, you will experience mild improvement.

·         Immobilization – This is done to stabilize and/or realign your spine after injury. Immobilization can be accomplished by using metal braces and a body harness to keep your head from moving. A special bed or neck brace can also be used to secure your head and prevent movement of the spine.

·         Experimental treatments – Scientists are working on methods to prevent cell death, promote nerve regeneration and control inflammation.

Surgery for Spinal Cord Injury 
In many cases, spinal cord surgery is necessary to remove bone fragments, herniated discs, foreign objects, fractured vertebrae and anything that may be compressing your spine. Because there are different types of injuries and different sections of the spine that can be injured, there are many different types of surgery for spinal cord injury:

·         Lumbar discectomy – surgical procedure used to remove all or part of a herniated or ruptured disc in the lower part of the spine

·         Cervical discectomy – surgery used to remove one or more discs from the neck

·         Microdiscectomy – Minimally invasive surgery on a ruptured disc in the neck or back. This procedure aims at removing a small part of the ruptured disc in order to alleviate pain while avoiding any possible instability in the spine.

·         Spinal fusion – Surgical procedure for fusing or joining two or more vertebrae. There are different types of this surgery for different areas of the spine:

•Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion – In this procedure, the spine is operated on from the front. The surgeon removes a disc from the lower part of the spine and replaces it with bone graft. The desired result is for the two surrounding vertebrae to grow or fuse together into one solid bone.

•Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion – This procedure is virtually the same as the anterior fusion except that the surgeon approaches the spine from the back.

•Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion – In this procedure, the spine is approached from the side.

·         Laparoscopic Fusion – A minimally invasive surgical alternative to open surgery that requires a much smaller incision in the back to gain access to the spine. Recuperation time and pain levels are significantly reduced compared to other types of spinal fusion surgery.

·         Intradiscal Electrothermal Therapy – Minimally invasive treatment for lower back pain. This procedure utilizes fluoroscopic (x-ray) guidance and an electrothermal catheter to heat up the affected lumbar disc. The goal is to destroy pain receptors in the disc.

·         Surgical Decompression – A small portion of the bone over the nerve root is removed to allow more space for the nerve root while helping it to heal. There are different types of surgical decompression:

•Foraminotomy – The foramen, or opening where the nerve root comes out of the spinal column, is widened by shaving away a portion of the bone.

•Laminotomy – Partial removal of the lamina, or bony arches in the canal of the spine

•Laminectomy – Complete removal of the lamina, or bony arches in the canal of the spine

•Corpectomy – The entire degenerated vertebrae is removed and replaced by bone graft.

•Laminoplasty – The lamina, or bony arches in the spinal canal, is cut open on both sides to create an open flap to relieve pressure on the spinal cord. The bone flap is propped open with small wedges or pieces of bone.

·         Kyphoplasty/Vertebroplasty – Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty are both minimally invasive procedures that treat pain and other symptoms caused by a spine fracture resulting from osteoporosis. Each procedure can also restore vertebral body height lost due to a compression fracture.

·         Anterior Cervical Disectomy and Fusion – Surgical procedure used to treat neck problems resulting from fractures, herniated discs and spinal instability.

·         Spinal Cord Stimulation – This procedure uses an electrical current to treat chronic back pain by implanting a small pulse generator in the back. The pulse generator sends electrical pulses to the spine in order to block the nerve signals which make you feel pain.

For more information visit:          http://www.medworldindia.com        
                    https://www.facebook.com/medworld.india

Please scan and email your medical reports  to us at care@medworldindia.com and we shall get you a Free Medical Opinion from India’s Best Doctors.

Call Us : +91-9811058159

Mail Us : care@medworldindia.com

Conditions Treated with Minimally Invasive Lumbar Fusion Surgery : Best Spine Surgery Hospitals in India

Lumbar fusion surgery is a procedure used to treat a variety of conditions of the lumbar spine (lower back). This article will focus on minimally invasive lumbar fusion, although open lumbar fusion incorporates some of the same steps. 

Conditions Treated with Minimally Invasive Lumbar Fusion Surgery

Lumbar fusion may be used to treat a variety of conditions. These include lumbar instability, spondylolisthesis, degenerated lumbar discs, back pain, fracture, tumor, recurrent herniated discs, and failed back syndrome, among others. The most common levels in the spine requiring treatment are L4-5 and L5-S1. Many patients requiring lumbar fusion surgery also have pinched nerves from herniated discs or spinal stenosis. As a result, the surgery is often performed in conjunction with micro lumbar discectomy or lumbar laminectomy. 

Lumbar spinal fusion is a common technique to help patients with back pain, who have failed non-operative treatment. Once you and your physician have decided that you need fusion of your lumbar spine, you should realize that there are many different ways this procedure can be done. The choice of which technique is best for you is dependent on what is wrong with your spine. Your surgeon may have more experience with fusion techniques from the front of the spine (anterior), the back of the spine (posterior), or some of the newer, less invasive approaches. These newer techniques are often called Minimally Invasive Spinal (MIS) surgery. The goals of all these techniques remain the same, to achieve a lumbar fusion, and lessen the patient's pain.

The most common method of spinal fusion involves the posterior approach, with an incision along the back of the patient's spine. Often, this procedure is used if bone spurs, thickened ligaments, or disc ruptures need to be removed to alleviate pressure on the nerves. The fusion procedure then involves placement of metal screws, rods and bone graft. Anterior spinal fusions require an incision through the abdomen. After removal of the degenerated disc, a metal cage with bone graft is usually placed between the spinal bones (vertebral bodies). Some patients will require both front and back procedures.

There are many new surgical techniques that are being developed to improve the results of lumbar fusions. Minimally invasive spine surgery for lumbar fusion is one of these newer techniques. MIS procedures have smaller incisions, cause less trauma to the surrounding normal tissues, and hopefully results in a faster recovery for the patient. One of these MIS techniques is a procedure known as extreme-lateral lumbar interbody fusion (XLIF). During the XLIF procedure the lumbar spine is approached from the side through a small skin incision. The surgery is performed through a muscle that lies next to the lumbar spine known as the psoas muscle.

With the XLIF procedure, approximately 2/3 of the disc can be safely removed. After the disc is removed, an artificial graft is placed in between the vertebrae, to allow the bones to fuse together. For a single level XLIF procedure, the surgery can be usually be performed in about an hour. Most patients stay in the hospital for 24 hours following the procedure, and do not require a brace. Occasionally, weakness may be noticed while lifting your leg after surgery. This psoas muscle weakness should return to normal fairly soon after surgery.

Not everyone is a candidate for this surgery, once conservative (non-operative) treatments have failed, you should consult a surgeon to see if you are an appropriate candidate.

What are the advantages ofminimally invasive lumbar spinal fusion?

The major advantage of all of these minimally invasive techniques is that there is less damage caused to the surrounding tissues. Unfortunately, in traditional spinal surgery it is necessary to cut through muscles and move them out of the way in order to reach the spine. This can cause a large amount of pain following surgery, and it can lengthen the recovery time. Instead of cutting and moving muscles, the minimally invasive techniques can more gently spread through the muscles to allow access to the spine. This is much less painful for the patient, and it does not require as long of a recovery period for the muscle to heal.

Another benefit of less muscle damage is less blood loss and thus a reduced need for blood transfusions using the minimally invasive techniques. There is often less need for narcotic pain medications following this form of surgery, and a shorter hospital stay.

For more information visit:          http://www.medworldindia.com       
                    https://www.facebook.com/medworld.india

Please scan and email your medical reports  to us at care@medworldindia.com and we shall get you a Free Medical Opinion from India’s Best Doctors.

Call Us : +91-9811058159

Mail Us : care@medworldindia.com

Low Cost Slip Disc Treatment in India : Lumbar spine surgery in India

The spine is made up of many bones called vertebrae. These are roughly circular and between each vertebra is a 'disc'. The discs are made of strong 'rubber-like' tissue which allows the spine to be fairly flexible. A disc has a stronger fibrous outer part, and a softer jelly-like middle part called the nucleus pulposus. 

The spinal cord, which contains the nerves that come from the brain, is protected by the spine. Nerves from the spinal cord come out from between the vertebrae to take and receive messages to various parts of the body. 

Strong ligaments attach to the vertebrae. These give extra support and strength to the spine. Various muscles also surround, and are attached to, various parts of the spine. (The muscles and ligaments are not shown in the diagram below for clarity.) 


At what age can a slipped disc occur? 

A slipped disc in the lower back is most often seen between the ages of 30 and 50. In the cervical vertebrae around the neck, slipped discs are most often seen between the ages of 40 and 60. 


Who Gets A Slipped Disc? 

Bouts of back pain are very common. However, less than 1 in 20 cases of acute (sudden onset) back pain are due to a prolapsed disc. (Most cases on back pain are classed as 'simple low back pain'. This is thought to be caused by a minor problem to a muscle, ligament, or other structure in the back. For example, a strained muscle. See separate leaflet called 'Low back Pain in Adults' for a general overview of the different types of back pain.)  The commonest age to develop a prolapsed disc is between 30 and 50 years. Twice as many men as women are affected. 

What Are The Symptoms Of A Slipped Disc? 

Back pain

The pain is often severe, and usually comes on suddenly. The pain is usually eased by lying down flat, and is often made worse if you move your back, cough, or sneeze. 

Nerve root pain (usually 'sciatica')

Nerve root pain is pain that occurs because a nerve coming from the spinal cord is pressed on ('trapped') by a prolapsed disc, or is irritated by the inflammation caused by the prolapsed disc. Although the problem is in the back, you feel pain along the course of the nerve in addition to back pain. Therefore, you may feel pain down a leg to the calf or foot. Nerve root pain can range from mild to severe, but it is often worse than the back pain. With a prolapsed disc, the sciatic nerve is the most commonly affected nerve. (The term 'sciatica' means nerve root pain of the sciatic nerve.) The sciatic nerve is a large nerve that is made up from several smaller nerves that come out from the spinal cord in the lower back. It travels deep inside the buttock and down the back of the leg. There is a sciatic nerve for each leg. 

Lumbar Spine Surgery in India

Lumbago, or what is more commonly known to people as lower back pain , is one of the most widespread and prevalent spinal problems. The reason for such persistent back pain is any kind of pathological problem in the lumbar region of the spine, which is made up of the last five vertebrae.

Lumbarspine problems are most often caused by herniated inter-vertebral discs, anomalous developments on the vertebral bodies (osteophytes), which apply pressure on the spinal nerves that leads to narrowing of the spinal column around the spinal cord. The most important procedures followed in a lumbar Spine Surgery aredecompression and fusion.

Decompression : Lumbar Decompression spine surgery in India is performed to assuage pain caused by pinched nerves. The surgery is generally recommended in cases of spinal stenosis caused by thickened joints, loosened ligaments, bony growths, or disc herniation.

The various procedures used for Decompressing Lumbar spine are:

•  Discectomy

•  Laminotomy or Laminectomy

•  Port Hole Decompression

•  Foraminotomy or Foraminectomy

•  Osteophyte removal

•  Corpectomy

Fusion : Lumbar fusion surgeryin Indiahas two individual approaches. The most common process used is the posterior approach, where the surgery is done from the back. The three main Posterior fusion techniques are:

•  Postero lateral gutter fusion surgery

•  Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery

•  Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery

The anterior approach involves placing the bone directly into the section between the vertebrae where the shock-absorption disc had been situated.

Candidates

Lumbarspine surgery in India is indicated for p eople who have pain that extends (radiates) from the back to the buttocks or back of thigh, pain that interferes with daily activities, weakness of legs or feet, numbness of legs, feet, or toes, loss of bowel of bladder control, had physiotherapeutic & medication input, but that hasn't helped.

Expected Results

Most patients can expect a dramatic and lasting improvement in their back and leg pain after the lumbar spinal surgery . Though the success rates are excellent in Lumbar surgery , it can be lower in patients who smoke, are overweight, have diabetes or other significant medical illnesses, have osteoporosis, or who have had radiation treatments that included the lower back. Good nutrition and slowly increasing activity (as recommended by your physician) in the recovery period can help achieve success.

Recovery

You are likely to experience pain and discomfort after the surgery which will be controlled with pain killers prescribed by your surgeon. You would be advised to walk the same day or the next after the surgery to prevent any clot formation. You would also be advised to do breathing exercises after the lumbar surgery for better circulation of blood and decrease the risk of any lung problem. You would need to stay at the hospital for about 5-6 days after the surgery and can go back home with specific instructions to follow. Many people return to work in 3-4 weeks after the surgery. But you may or may not be allowed to do heavy work depending upon your specific condition.

Minimal Invasive Spine Surgery | Best Spine Surgery Hospital in India - Zambian Patient

MedWorldIndia

Our network hospitals have the most advanced spine surgery facilities. The spine surgeons here use minimally invasive and computer guided techniques in spine surgery. In a Minimally Invasive spine surgery the surgeon makes a few small incisions unlike the open surgery where a single large incision is made. Minimally Invasive spine surgery has several important benefits for the patients.

If you have been advised spine surgery your first choice should be the latest minimally invasive technique developed by our world best hospitals in India. Most advanced Technology like Intra Operative MRI, Brain Suite and Computer Assisted Navigation System are deployed by highly trained surgeons for accurate and safe Spine Surgeries through a small incision.

Why should you choose to get Indian hospitals offer the best spinal surgery treatment in India at affordable prices. MedWorld India associated best spine surgery hospitals in India have the latest technology and infrastructure to offer the most advanced spine surgery at low cost.

Salient features of these hospitals are:

·         Comprehensive management of spine disorder from birth defects to degeneration of tumor and trauma.

·         Dedicated team of International trained and vastly experienced Spine Surgeons, Rheumatologists, Neurologist, Physicians and Physiotherapist.

·         Expert evaluation of spinal problems by dedicated team of experienced spine Surgeons, Rheumatologists, Neurologist, Physicians and Physiotherapist.

·         Latest Generation Diagnostic and Imaging facilities including dynamic digital X rays, Spiral CT scanning , MRI and Electrophysiology unit all under one roof.

·         Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation by experts after the surgery help you regain functional abilities quickly helping in vastly improved overall results.

For more information visit:          http://www.medworldindia.com      
                    https://www.facebook.com/medworld.india

Please scan and email your medical reports  to us at care@medworldindia.com and we shall get you a Free Medical Opinion from India’s Best Doctors.

Call Us : +91-9811058159

Mail Us : care@medworldindia.com

Causes of Pain in the Lumbar Spine (lower back problem) - Spine Best Hospital in India

Have you ever asked, "Why do so many people suffer from low back pain?" The answer involves a brief overview of the lumbar spine. Although the entire spine is involved in everyday activities of rest and movement, the low back can be vulnerable to many pain-provoking disorders. Simple sprains and strains from overexertion, a herniated disc from a slip and fall, degenerative disc disease or spinal stenosis from normal aging, and other disorders can cause low back pain.

To help you understand back pain, the following brief and illustrated anatomy lesson is provided. 

What Is the Lumbar Spine?

The lumbar spine (low back) is the third major region of the spine; it is below the cervical spine and thoracic spine. Most people have five bones (vertebrae) in the lumbar spine, although it is not unusual to have six. Each vertebra is stacked on top of the other and between each vertebra is a gel-like cushion called an intervertebral disc. The discs help to absorb pressure, distribute stress, and keep the vertebrae from grinding against each other.

Ligaments and Tendons: Connective Lumbar Spine Soft Tissues

The vertebrae and discs are held together by groups of ligaments . Ligaments connect bone to bone, whereas tendons connect muscle to bone. In the spine, tendons connect muscles to the vertebrae. The ligaments and tendons help to stabilize the spine and guard against excessive movement in any one direction.

Lumbar Spine Joints

The spine also has joints that are similar to knees, elbows, and other joints. The spinal joints are called facet joints 

The facet joints have been described as finger-like, and they link the vertebrae together. The facet joints are located at the posterior area of the spinal column (on the back side of the spinal column).

In addition, the facet joints help to make the spine flexible and enable you to bend forward, backward, and side to side.

The lumbar spine has several distinguishing characteristics:

·         The lower the vertebra is in the spinal column, the more weight it must bear. The five vertebrae of the lumbar spine (L1-L5) are the biggest unfused vertebrae in the spinal column, enabling them to support the weight of the entire torso.

·         The lumbar spine's lowest two spinal segments, L4-L5 and L5-S1, which include the vertebrae and discs, bear the most weight and are therefore the most prone to degradation and injury.

·         The lumbar spine meets the sacrum at the lumbosacral joint (L5-S1). This joint allows for considerable rotation, so that the pelvis and hips may swing when walking and running.

·         The spinal cord travels from the base of the skull through the spinal column and ends at about T12-L1 - where the thoracic spine meets the lumbar spine. At that point numerous nerve roots from the spinal cord continue down and branch out, forming the "cauda equina," named for its resemblance to a horse's tail. These nerves extend to the lower extremities (buttocks, legs and feet). Because the spinal cord does not run through the lumbar spine, it is quite rare that a lower back problem would result in spinal cord damage or paralysis.

Lumbar Intervertebral Segment

Physicians usually explain a patient's pathology by focusing on one intervertebral segment, or spinal segment. The lumbar spine has 5 intervertebral segments, termed lumbar segment 1 through 5 (e.g. L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5).

Each lumbar spine segment is comprised of:

·         Two vertebrae, such as L4-L5, stacked vertically with an intervertebral disc between them. A healthy disc is cushiony, with a lot of water, and has a sponge-like substance. It acts like a shock absorber in the spine, allowing flexibility and providing protection from jarring movements.

·         The two adjacent vertebrae are connected in the back of the spine by two small joints called facet joints. The facet joints of the lumbar spine allow movement to bend and twist the low back in all directions.

·         There are nerves that branch off from the spinal column at each level of the spine. They pass through small holes in the back of the lower spine. They then connect together to form the sciatic nerve, which travels into the legs down the back of each thigh and into the calves and feet.

Doctors usually talk about a patient's lumbar disc problem, or nerve or other lower back problem, as the level that includes two vertebrae and the disc between them, such as L3-L4 or L4-L5. If the disc at the very bottom of the spine is affected, that segment is called the lumbosacral joint L5-S1

For more information visit:          http://www.medworldindia.com        
                    https://www.facebook.com/medworld.india

Please scan and email your medical reports  to us at care@medworldindia.com and we shall get you a Free Medical Opinion from India’s Best Doctors.

Call Us : +91-9811058159

Mail Us : care@medworldindia.com