GET BEST RESULT- STEM CELL THERAPY FOR SPINAL CORD INJURY

A spinal cord injury usually begins with a sudden, traumatic blow to the spine that fractures or dislocates vertebrae. The damage begins at the moment of injury when displaced bone fragments, disc material, or ligaments bruise or tear into spinal cord tissue. Some injuries will allow almost complete recovery. Others will result in complete paralysis.

There are several types of treatment in the short term for a spinal cord injury. First, the spine in the area of the injured spinal cord is immobilized (held in place so it can’t move) to prevent further injury to the cord. For injuries to the neck, immobilizing the spine may include placing the head in a “halo” (a device that prevents the head from moving). For spinal cord injuries in the back, casts, braces and straps may be temporarily used to keep the back from moving.

To reduce swelling in the spinal cord caused by injury, steroid medication is usually given during the first 24 hours following injury. Other medical treatment is often necessary, depending on complications that may develop.

Treatment options

Spinal injury is a devastating event that occurs suddenly and whose consequences range from minimal symptomatic pain to a tragic quadriplegia (total paralysis of all four limbs). The key element in management is prevention of secondary neurological damage occurring during transportation, so whenever a family physician sees a patient with suspected spinal injury the first thing to be done is immobilize the spine which is done with  cervical collar and belts for thoracic and lumbar spine.

Treatment:

1. At the site of accident / clinic of the family physician :mainly deals with immobilization & proper transportation to the hospital.

2. In the hospital: Resuscitaion, haemodynamic stabilization, basic corrective surgery (if required), physiotherapy.

3. Surgeries: basic aims of surgery are decompression of the neural elements, reduction of malalignment and restoration of spinal stability.

    a.    Anterior /posterior

    b.    Decompression / stabilization

Improved emergency care for people with spinal cord injuries and aggressive treatment and rehabilitation can minimize damage to the nervous system and even restore limited abilities. Rehabilitation programs combine physical therapies with skill-building activities and counseling to provide social and emotional support.

STEM CELL THERAPY FOR SPINAL CORD INJURY

Cell therapy, in particular, stem cell implantation has become a feasible therapy for spinal cord injury. Embryonic stem cells and fetal stem cells are the forefathers of the field of stem cell therapy. Extraction ,separation & processing of specific populations of adult stem cells in the laboratories has evolved  such that  they can be converted to various types of specialized cells (eg.neurons, liver cells, heart cells). Thus, adult stem cells will transcend ethical concerns, technical difficulties, and probably immunorejection.

Spinal Surgery at India Best Spine Surgery Hospital in India

Our network hospitals have the most advanced spine surgery facilities. The spine surgeons 

here use minimally invasive and computer guided techniques in spine surgery. In a 

Minimally Invasive spine surgery the surgeon makes a few small incisions unlike the open 

surgery where a single large incision is made. Minimally Invasive spine surgery has several 

important benefits for the patients. If you have been advised spine surgery your first choice 

should be the latest minimally invasive technique developed by our world best hospitals in 

India. Most advanced Technology like Intra Operative MRI, Brain Suite and Computer 

Assisted Navigation System are deployed by highly trained surgeons for accurate and safe 

Spine Surgeries through a small incision.

Why should you choose to get Indian hospitals offer the best spinal surgery treatment 

in India at affordable prices. MedWorld india associated best spine surgery hospitals in 

India have the latest technology and infrastructure to offer the most advanced spine 

surgery at low cost.

Salient features of these hospitals are:

• Comprehensive management of spine disorder from birth defects to degeneration of tumor and trauma.
• Dedicated team of International trained and vastly experienced Spine Surgeons, Rheumatologists, Neurologist, Physicians and Physiotherapist.
• Expert evaluation of spinal problems by dedicated team of experienced spine Surgeons, Rheumatologists, Neurologist, Physicians and Physiotherapist.
• Latest Generation Diagnostic and Imaging facilities including dynamic digital X rays, Spiral CT scanning , MRI and Electrophysiology unit all under one roof.
• Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation by experts after the surgery help you regain functional abilities quickly helping in vastly improved overall results.

The Common Upper Back Pain Causes and Treatment options in India

 Although upper back pain is not a very common spinal disorder, it can cause significant discomfort and pain when it does occur. The most common causes of upper back pain are muscular irritation (myofascial pain) and joint dysfunction.

There can be an injury to a disc in the upper back (such as a thoracic herniated disc or degenerated disc) that causes upper back pain, but such injuries are very rare.

It is important to note that the thoracic spine (also called upper back, middle back, or mid-back) is very different in form and function than the cervical spine (neck) or the lumbar spine (lower back). While the neck and lower back are designed to provide us with mobility, the thoracic spine is designed to be very strong and stable to allow us to stand upright and to protect the vital internal organs in the chest. Because this section of the spinal column has a great deal of stability and only limited movement, there is generally little risk of injury or degeneration over time in the upper back.

Anatomy of the Upper Back

The word "thoracic" means pertaining to the chest, and the thoracic spine (also called the upper back or mid-back) is the portion of the spinal column that corresponds to the chest area.

·         Twelve vertebrae in the middle of the spine with ribs attached make up the thoracic spine. When viewed from the side, this section of the spine is slightly concave.

·         Each vertebra in the thoracic spine is connected to a rib on both sides at every level and these in turn meet in the front and attach to the sternum (the breastbone). This creates a cage (the thoracic cage) that provides structural protection for the vital organs of the heart, lungs, and liver, and also creates a cavity for the lungs to expand and contract.

·         The upper nine ribs start at the spine, curve around and are joined at the front of the chest. Because the ribs are firmly attached at the back (the spine) and the front (the sternum), they allow for very limited motion in the spine.

·         The lower three ribs do not join together at the front, but do function to protect the vital organs while allowing for slightly more motion.

·         The joints between the bottom thoracic vertebra (T12) and the top lumber vertebra (L1 in the lower back) allow twisting movement from 

Traditional decompression surgical options include:

·        

Corpectomy(or Vertebrectomy): Occasionally, surgeons will need to take out the entire vertebral body because disc material becomes lodged between the vertebral body and the spinal cord and cannot be removed by a discectomy alone. In other cases, bone spurs (osteophytes) form between the vertebral body and spinal cord. In these situations, the entire vertebral body may need to be removed to gain access to the disc material that's pressing on your nerve-that's a corpectomy.

·         Discectomy: If you have a bulging disc or a herniated disc, it may be pressing on your nerves. In a discectomy, the surgeon will remove all or part of the disc. The surgeon can do a discectomy using a minimally invasive approach.

Minimally invasive means that there are smaller incisions and the surgeon works with a microscope and very small surgical tools. You'll have a shorter recovery period if you have a minimally invasive discectomy.

·         Facetectomy: There are joints in your spine are called facet joints; they help stabilize your spine. However, facet joints can put pressure on a nerve. Ectomy means "removal of." So a facetectomy involves removing the facet joint to reduce that pressure.

·         Foraminotomy: If part of the disc or a bone spur (osteophyte) is pressing on a nerve as it leaves the vertebra (through an exit called the foramen), a foraminotomy may be done. Otomy means "to make an opening." So a foraminotomy is making the opening of the foramen larger, so the nerve can exit without being compressed.

·         Laminectomy: At the back of each vertebra, you have a bony plate that protects your spinal canal and spinal cord; it's called the lamina. It may be pressing on your spinal cord, so the surgeon may make more room for the cord by removing all or part of the lamina.

·         Laminotomy: Similar to the foraminotomy, a laminotomy makes a larger opening, this time in your bony plate protecting your spinal canal and spinal cord (the lamina). The lamina may be pressing on a nerve structure, so the surgeon may make more room for the nerves using a laminotomy.

After part of a disc or vertebra has been taken out, your spine may be unstable, meaning that it moves in abnormal ways. That makes you more at risk for serious neurological injury, and you don't want that. The surgeon will need to stabilize your spine. Traditionally, this has been done with a fusion.

In spine stabilization by fusion, the surgeon creates an environment where the bones in your spine will fuse together over time (usually over several months or longer). The surgeon uses a bone graft (usually using bone from your own body, but it's possible to use donor bone as well) or a biological substance (which will stimulate bone growth). Your surgeon may use spinal instrumentation—wires, cables, screws, rods, and plates—to increase stability as the bones fuse. The fusion will stop movement between the vertebrae, providing long-term stability.

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The symptoms of spinal cancer may occur very slowly. Other times, they occur quickly, even over a matter of hours or days

The symptoms of spinal cancer depend on several factors, including the tumor type, size, location and extent, as well as age, health history and more. Some common spinal cancer symptoms include pain, numbness, weakness and difficulty with urination.

The symptoms of spinal cancer may occur very slowly. Other times, they occur quickly, even over a matter of hours or days. Metastatic spinal tumors, which have spread to the spine from another location in the body, often progress quickly.

Common spinal cancer symptoms

The most noticeable sign of spinal cancer is pain. Pain can come from the tumor's presence in the spinal column, pushing on sensitive nerve endings or causing spinal instability. When the spine is not lined up properly, other physically notable symptoms may result (e.g., changes in posture, Kyphosis or hunchback).

When the tumor presses on the spinal cord, symptoms may begin with numbness or tingling in the arms or legs. Next, there may be clumsiness, not knowing where the feet are, and difficulty with buttons or keys. As the disease progresses, spinal cancer symptoms may grow to include weakness, inability to move the legs and eventually paralysis.

Some common signs of spinal tumors may include the following:

§  Pain (back and/or neck pain, arm and/or leg pain)

§  Muscle weakness or numbness in the arms or legs

§  Difficulty walking

§  General loss of sensation

§  Difficulty with urination (incontinence)

§  Change in bowel habits (retention)

§  Paralysis to varying degrees

§  Spinal deformities

§  Pain or difficulty with standing

  Minimally Invasive Spinal Tumor Removal Surgery in India

Some Spinal Tumors, benign or malignant, require surgical intervention before or after non-operative treatments. When pain is unresponsive to non-operative treatment, neurologic deficit progresses, a specimen is needed, neural elements (e.g. nerves) are compressed, vertebral destruction exists, or when spinal stabilization is necessary - surgery is considered. The primary goals in surgery are to reduce pain caused by the spinal tumor, restore or preserve neurologic function, and provide spinal stability. The spinal tumor may be approached surgically from the front (anterior) or back (posterior) of the body.

Surgery may include tumor resection (partial removal) or excision (complete removal). When the tumor is removed (partially or completed) pain and neurologic problems may clear up. Spinal instrumentation and Fusion are procedures used to reconstruct and stabilize the spine. These procedures join and solidify the level (or levels) where a spinal element (e.g. vertebral body) has been damaged or removed.

Why surgery for Spine Tumor Removal?

• When the tumor is removed (partially or completely) pain and neurologic problems may clear up.
• To restore and preserve neurological function and provide spinal stability.
• Spinal Tumor surgery is generally indicated in case there is a localized tumor which can be removed with minimum damage to nerve and spinal cord,
• There is persistent neurological deficit and pain which is unresponsive to non operative treatment
• Surgery may include resection (partial removal) or excision (complete removal) of tumor.
  
  
  

Lumbar Herniated Disc Symptoms, Treatments & Surgery in India

If you have a herniated disc, your symptoms may improve without surgery. But by how much? And by when? It’s possible to wait it out, and let nature takes its course by shrinking your disc and resorbing the herniated material. This process takes about a year and may require a lot of work on your part. Compare that to a successful back surgery, which may relieve your pain soon after the procedure is done.

If symptoms continue to interfere with your daily activities after you’ve tried conservative care for 6 weeks, your doctor may suggest surgery.

In many cases, a herniated disk is related to the natural aging of your spine.

In children and young adults, disks have a high water content. As we get older, our disks begin to dry out and weaken. The disks begin to shrink and the spaces between the vertebrae get narrower. This normal aging process is called disk degeneration.

Risk Factors

In addition to the gradual wear and tear that comes with aging, other factors can increase the likelihood of a herniated disk. Knowing what puts you at risk for a herniated disk can help you prevent further problems.

Gender. Men between the ages of 30 and 50 are most likely to have a herniated disk.

Improper lifting. Using your back muscles to lift heavy objects, instead of your legs, can cause a herniated disk. Twisting while you lift can also make your back vulnerable. Lifting with your legs, not your back, may protect your spine.

Weight. Being overweight puts added stress on the disks in your lower back.

Repetitive activities that strain your spine. Many jobs are physically demanding. Some require constant lifting, pulling, bending, or twisting. Using safe lifting and movement techniques can help protect your back.

Frequent driving. Staying seated for long periods, plus the vibration from the car engine, can put pressure on your spine and disks.

Sedentary lifestyle. Regular exercise is important in preventing many medical conditions, including a herniated disk.

Smoking. It is believed that smoking lessens oxygen supply to the disk and causes more rapid degeneration.

For most people with a herniated disk, low back pain is the initial symptom. This pain may last for a few days, then improve. It is often followed by the eventual onset of leg pain, numbness, or weakness. This leg pain typically extends below the knee, and often into the foot and ankle. It is described as moving from the back or buttock down the leg into the foot.

Symptoms

Symptoms may be one or all of the following:

• Back pain
• Leg and/or foot pain (sciatica)
• Numbness or a tingling sensation in the leg and/or foot
• Weakness in the leg and /or foot
• Loss of bladder or bowel control (extremely rare) This may indicate a more serious problem called cauda equina syndrome. This condition is caused by the spinal nerve roots being compressed. It requires immediate medical attention.

Not all patients will experience pain as a disk degenerates. It remains a great challenge for the doctor to determine whether a disk that is wearing out is the source of a patient's pain.

Common Back Surgeriesfor Lumbar Disc Herniation

Discectomy involves removing fragments of the disc that press on and irritate the spinal nerve root. Discectomy is the most common surgery performed for a low back disc herniation. It has about an 80% to 90% success rate for relieving radicular symptomssuch as sciatica, numbness, weakness and/or pain down one leg.

Discectomies may be full operations (called “open discectomies”) or they may be minimally invasive procedures. Due to technological advances in medical/surgical techniques, devices and equipment, the trend in surgery is toward the minimally invasive. Two types of minimally invasive procedures are the microdiscectomy and percutaneous arthroscopic discectomy.

If you are deciding which kind of discectomy to have, consider the skill set of your potential surgeon. Some doctors may insist on performing an open discectomy because they haven’t been thoroughly training in the minimally invasive types. Others may specialize in one type of procedure over the other. Check your doctor’s competencies and compare them with those of other surgeons before deciding who will perform the procedure.

Spinalfusion involves removing the disc and fusing the adjacent bones together. If you have instability in your spine or you’ve already had one or more discectomies, you may need a spinal fusion. Spinal fusion may require that hardware, such as plates and screws, be installed. It may also involve a bone graft. Doctors only rarely perform spinal fusions with microdiscectomies.

Surgery for herniated lumbar disc generally relieves leg pain with great success. It is less effective for relieving back pain, though. (Exercise often is the best way to manage back pain.) Along with leg pain relief, surgery may help stop your leg from getting weaker.

Speak with your doctor about the appropriateness of surgery for your herniated disc if you are unsure which treatment is right for you.

The results of microdiskectomy surgery are generally very good. The outcome of leg pain improvement is much more reliable than back pain and therefore this surgery is rarey performed for back pain only.

Most patients notice improvement over the first several weeks following surgery, but may also experience continued improvement over several months. Pain is typically the first symptom to improve, followed by improvement in overall strength of the leg, and then sensation. It is common for some patients to state that although pain symptoms are better, they still have a numb spot on their leg or foot.

Most patients will slowly resume normal daily activities over the first several weeks following surgery.

Over the last several years, there has been extensive research on lumbar disk surgery and patient improvement. One of the most publicized research projects in this area is the Spinal Patient Outcomes Research Trial (SPORT). The study followed patients with herniated disk from across the country. Half were treated with conservative measures, and half with surgery.

The initial outcomes for patients treated with surgery were much better than those who followed conservative treatment, including improvement in pain relief and function. At the 2-year follow-up, patients treated with surgery again showed improvements over those treated conservatively. However, over the course of the study, numerous patients did change their treatments. Your surgeon will be best able to explain what the actual study results are with any recommended approach for you.

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Anatomy for Spine | Spinal Surgery in India

The spinal column is one of the most vital parts of the human body, supporting our trunks and making all of our movements possible. When the spine is injured and its function is impaired the consequences can be painful and even disabling.

The spine has three major components: 
• The spinal column (i.e., bones and discs) 
• Neural elements (i.e., the spinal cord and nerve roots) 
• Supporting structures (e.g., muscles and ligaments)

 The spinal column consists of: 
• Seven cervical vertebrae (C1–C7) i.e. neck 
• Twelve thoracic vertebrae (T1–T12) i.e. upper back 
• Five lumbar vertebrae (L1–L5) i.e. lower back 
• Five bones (that are joined or "fused," together in adults) to form the bony sacrum 
• And three to five bones fused together to form the coccyx or tailbone.

The lumbar vertebrae, L1-L5, are most frequently involved in back pain because these vertebrae carry the most amount of body weight and are subject to the largest forces and stresses along the spine. The true spinal cord ends at approximately the L1 level, where it divides into many different nerve roots that travel to the lower body and legs-- called the "cauda equina.”

The anatomy of the spinal column is extremely well designed to serve many functions. All of the elements of the spinal column and vertebrae serve the purpose of protecting the spinal cord, which provides communication to the brain, mobility and sensation in the body through the complex interaction of bones, ligaments and muscle structures of the back and the nerves that surround it. The back is also the powerhouse for the entire body, supporting our trunks and making all of the movements of our head, arms, and legs possible 

Intervertebral Discs

Lumbar Discs are the structures, which serve as shock absorbers between the vertebrae of the spinal column. The center of the disc, called the nucleus is soft and springy and accepts the shock of standing, walking, running, etc. The outer part, called the annulus, provides structure and strength to the disc. 

The discs receive their blood supply through movement as they soak up nutrients. The discs expand while at rest allowing them to soak up nutrient rich fluid. When this process is inhibited through repetitive movement, injury or poor posture, the discs become thinner and more prone to injury. This may be a cause of the gradual degeneration of the structure and function of the disc over time. 

Facet Joints
Joints between the bones in our spine are what allow us to bend backward and forward and twist and turn. Each vertebra has facet joints that connect it with the vertebrae above and the vertebrae below. The surfaces of the facet joints are covered with smooth cartilage that help these parts of the vertebral bodies glide smoothly on each other. 

Spinal Cord
The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system of the human body. It is a vital pathway that conducts electrical signals from the brain to the rest of the body through individual nerve fibers.

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Just write to us at the following e-mail

care@medworldindia.com
 

Our representative would get back to you within 24 -48 hours. It would be helpful for us in understanding your case if you send us the following by mail.

• Your brief Medical History along with height,weight and sex. 
• MRI or CT scans and the reports (if available) 
• Chief Complaints  

Balloon Kyphoplasty Treatment Option for Spinal Fractures : Spine Treatment in India

If you have been diagnosed with a spinal fracture caused by osteoporosis, cancer or benign tumors, balloon kyphoplasty is a treatment option you may want to consider. Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that can significantly reduce back pain and repair the broken bone of a spinal fracture.

There are two main surgical treatments designed to repair spinal fractures (vertebral compression fractures):

• Balloon kyphoplasty – A minimally invasive procedure that uses a balloon to lift the vertebrae and create a cavity for bone cement to stabilize the fracture
• Vertebroplasty – A minimally invasive procedure in which liquid bone cement is injected into the affected vertebrae to stabilize the fracture and relieve pain
  
  What is Balloon Kyphoplasty?

·      Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive treatment that can repair spinal fractures caused by osteoporosis, cancer, or benign lesions. During the procedure, orthopedic balloons are used to gently elevate the fractured vertebra in an attempt to return it to the correct position. Bone cement is then injected to stabilize the fracture. Balloon kyphoplasty takes up to one hour per fracture level treated. It can be done on an inpatient or outpatient basis, depending on your overall state of health as determined by your physician.


How is Balloon Kyphoplasty Performed?

·         Before Your Procedure
Before the procedure, you will have a medical exam and undergo diagnostic studies, such as having x-rays taken, to determine the precise location of the fracture. You and your doctor will decide whether you should have local or general anesthesia.

·         After Your Procedure 
Patients often experience relief from spinal fracture pain one week after the procedure. Your doctor will most likely schedule a follow-up visit and explain limitations, if any, on physical activity. Most patients return to their usual activity within a few days.

How Does Balloon Kyphoplasty Compare to Non-surgical Treatment?

Balloon Kyphoplasty was shown to be more effective than non-surgical care for the treatment of acute vertebral compression fractures.

Patients treated with balloon kyphoplasty had faster and greater improvement in back pain relief, back function and quality of life at one month after surgery. The benefits of balloon kyphoplasty were sustained on average through 12 months. The overall frequency of patients with adverse events did not differ between the balloon kyphoplasty and the non-surgical groups.

What Are the Benefits of Balloon Kyphoplasty?

Relieves Pain Fast

Balloon kyphoplasty to non-surgical treatment found that people with spinal fractures treated with balloon kyphoplasty experienced the following benefits versus those treated with non-surgical management:

• 3 times greater pain reduction one week after the procedure. Pain reduction was maintained in the long term.²
• 4 times greater quality of life one month after the procedure. Quality of life advantage was maintained after 2 years.²
• 5 more days out of bed in the first month and 120 more days out of bed in the first 2 years after the procedure.²

Restores Height and Corrects Stooped Posture (Kyphosis)

Compression fractures often result in height loss and stooped posture (kyphosis) due to changes in the shape of the affected vertebrae (spinal deformity). Balloon Kyphoplasty was shown to correct the spinal deformity that leads to kyphosis by restoring and normalizing vertebral height and shape.

Most Advanced Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery in India

Our network hospitals have the most advanced spine surgery facilities. The spine surgeons here use minimally invasive and computer guided techniques in spine surgery. In a Minimally Invasive spine surgery the surgeon makes a few small incisions unlike the open surgery where a single large incision is made. Minimally Invasive spine surgery has several important benefits for the patients. If you have been advised spine surgery your first choice should be the latest minimally invasive technique developed by our world best hospitals in India. Most advanced Technology like Intra Operative MRI, Brain Suite and Computer Assisted Navigation System are deployed by highly trained surgeons for accurate and safe Spine Surgeries through a small incision.

Why should you choose to get Indian hospitals offer the best spinal surgery treatment in India at affordable prices. MedWorld india associated best spine surgery hospitals in India have the latest technology and infrastructure to offer the most advanced spine surgery at low cost.

Salient features of these hospitals are:

• Comprehensive management of spine disorder from birth defects to degeneration of tumor and trauma.
• Dedicated team of International trained and vastly experienced Spine Surgeons, Rheumatologists, Neurologist, Physicians and Physiotherapist.
• Expert evaluation of spinal problems by dedicated team of experienced spine Surgeons, Rheumatologists, Neurologist, Physicians and Physiotherapist.
• Latest Generation Diagnostic and Imaging facilities including dynamic digital X rays, Spiral CT scanning , MRI and Electrophysiology unit all under one roof.
• Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation by experts after the surgery help you regain functional abilities quickly helping in vastly improved overall results.
  
  
  
  For more information visit:          http://www.medworldindia.com       
                      https://www.facebook.com/medworld.india
  
  
  Please scan and email your medical reports  to us at care@medworldindia.com and we shall get you a Free Medical Opinion from India’s Best Doctors.
  
  
  Call Us : +91-9811058159
  Mail Us : care@medworldindia.com